Flow is a positive psychological experience. It is an optimal psychological state, which occurs when one is totally involved in the task at hand. Flow represents those moments when everything comes together in a performance or activity and is often associated with high, or peak, levels of performance (Jackson & Csikszentmihalyi, 1999). Csikszentmihalyi (1975, 1990) developed the flow concept after investigating the experiences of individuals during times when they were totally involved in what they were doing and when everything came together during performance of their chosen activity.
Flow occurs when the individual moves beyond his or her average experience of challenge and skill. A balance of challenges and skills is one of nine key dimensions of flow. The other flow dimensions are action-awareness merging, clear goals, unambiguous feedback, concentration on task, sense of control, loss of.
